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ItemEvaluating the implementation of gender-sensitive customary land registration in Olwelai Parish, Katine Subcounty, Soroti District(Makerere University, 2025)Gender-sensitive customary land registration among households is the pressing issue in land administration in Uganda. The critical problem of gender-sensitive land registration among household impacts the growth and economic development in Soroti District. This study examined current registration approaches, socio-cultural and institutional influences, implementation challenges, and strategies for improving gender inclusivity. A mixed-methods approach was used, involving household surveys and a survey of members of the Area Land Committee and District Land Board. Additionally, key informant interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with stakeholders including GIZ-RELAPU project beneficiaries, civil society organizations, representatives from the Iteso Cultural Institution, and district land officials. Quantitative data were statistically analyzed, while qualitative findings were thematically assessed to explore patterns of gender inclusion in land registration. Findings show that Certificates of Customary Ownership (CCOs) are the most widely adopted formal mechanism, supported by culturally rooted practices like traditional boundary marking and community-based mapping. However, digital registration tools faced challenges in adoption. The study identified several barriers to gender-sensitive registration: socially, patriarchal norms, polygamy and cohabitation limit women’s land rights; economically, high registration costs and financial dependency reduce participation; culturally, inheritance practices favoring men remain prevalent, though awareness campaigns have begun to shift attitudes. Institutionally, implementation gaps and low awareness further weaken gender equity. Key challenges include Lack of legal awareness, literacy levels, corruption, bureaucratic delays, and resistance from male family members, all of which disproportionately affect women. To overcome these barriers, the study recommends increased community sensitization, fee reductions, and mandatory joint spousal registration to improve both access and legitimacy of women’s land rights under customary tenure. In conclusion, while Uganda’s legal frameworks are progressive, actual implementation remains constrained by socio-cultural, economic, and institutional limitations. A hybrid approach merging formal legal systems with culturally sensitive community engagement while adopting minimum technological advancements is essential for achieving equitable land registration for all. Policy recommendations include simplifying registration procedures, promoting legal literacy, and enhancing coordination among stakeholders. This research informs policy discussions on gender-inclusive land registration and contributes to the realization of Uganda’s National Land Policy (2013), Sustainable Development Goals (1, 2, and 5), and international frameworks such as CEDAW. It emphasizes the need for systemic reform to bridge the gap between customary norms and statutory protections in rural Uganda. Keywords: Customary land registration, gender-sensitive, Soroti District, Uganda, women’s land rights.
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ItemAssessing the significance of schedule management in facilitating schedule compliance for the successful project completion in renovation projects(Makerere University, 2024)Effective schedule management is integral to the construction industry, facilitating timely project completion, meeting project requirements, and proactively addressing potential risks to achieve project objectives. Serving as a fundamental pillar, it fosters alignment among stakeholders and enables seamless collaboration among project team members. With the construction industry evolving and operations growing more complex, schedule management assumes increasing importance, especially in light of recent challenges witnessed. Construction scheduling entails organizing activities and their sequencing within a project, serving as a project management tool that outlines the project's execution roadmap. It not only structures activities and tasks but also establishes the overall project timeline, including milestones. The primary challenge for any construction project management system is to achieve project completion within the designated timeframe and budget constraints. Factors such as unclear project goals, scope and budget creep, and miscommunications contribute significantly to this challenge. In this paper, the author discusses the project schedule management strategies employed as a Quantity Surveyor during Phase 1 of the Refurbishment, Remodeling, and Extension of a Multi-Unit County complex in Luwero District. The paper delves into the importance of schedule adherence, the obstacles encountered in achieving it, and methods for improving compliance with project timelines. Through an in-depth examination of pertinent literature and case studies, the manuscript evaluates the ramifications of schedule deviations on project outcomes and presents best practices for mitigating delays. Additionally, it explores the contributions of technology, stakeholder collaboration, and proactive risk management to enhance schedule compliance. By addressing these fundamental aspects, stakeholders in the construction industry can optimize project efficiency and ensure successful project completion within designated timeframes.
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ItemDevelopment of local speed-flow models accounting for road condition to facilitate reliable traffic assignment procedures(Makerere University, 2024)Traffic assignment models, integral to the four-step urban travel demand modelling process, utilize speed-flow functions to depict the interaction between speed and traffic volume. This, in turn, informs the assignment of traffic across network links. The commonly used speed-flow functions such as the Bureau of Public Roads (BPR) function, were developed in the 1960s. With changes in traffic flow conditions, there is a pressing need to update these models, particularly to accommodate the characteristics of unpaved roads prevalent in developing countries like Uganda. This study sought to address the above limitation by developing local speed-flow functions that take into account road conditions i.e. differentiating between paved and unpaved roads. The research utilized data gathered from a selection of roadways in Uganda, where traffic data was recorded using high-definition CCTV cameras and analysed with the aid of Python programming language. The developed local models have calibrated shape parameters 𝛼 and 𝛽, which are crucial for accurately representing traffic dynamics. The 𝛼 coefficient indicates the ratio of travel time per unit distance at practical capacity relative to the free-flow speed. This means that it reflects how travel time increases as roads approach their maximum capacity. On the other hand, the 𝛽 parameter determines the rate at which the estimated average speed decreases from the free-flow speed as the volume-to-capacity ratio (v/c) increases. In simpler terms, 𝛽 shows how quickly congestion impacts travel speeds. For paved roads, the local models had 𝛼 values of 0.98 and 𝛽 values of 5.71. For gravel roads, the models had 𝛼 values of 0.71 and 𝛽 values of 6.25. These parameters provide a more accurate representation of traffic flow and road pavement conditions in Uganda. When compared with the BPR function, the developed local models displayed superior fit with lower root mean square error and lower average relative error values. Additionally, the study provides roadway capacity ranges for gravel roads between 830 to 1,192 passenger car units (pcu) per hour per lane, and for paved roads, from 964 to 1,348 pcu per hour per lane. These findings contribute valuable insights into the planning and management of road networks in Uganda, demonstrating the importance of context-specific traffic models
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ItemAssessing the effectiveness of Certificates of Occupancy (COs) in enhancing land use practices on Mailo land: a case of Madudu Subcounty in Mubende District(Makerere University, 2025)This study assessed the effectiveness of Certificates of Occupancy (COs) in enhancing land use practices on Mailo land in Madudu Subcounty, Mubende District. It was guided by three objectives: to examine land use practices on Mailo land before the issuance of COs, to assess land use practices after the issuance of COs, and to evaluate the perceived effect of COs on land use enhancement. A descriptive cross-sectional research design with a comparative component was employed, utilizing both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Data was collected through purposive sampling involving questionnaires administered to 30 tenants with COs and 30 without, interviews with 9 key informants, and non-participant structured observation. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS Version 23 with outputs presented in tables, bar graphs, and pie charts while qualitative data were analyzed thematically through content analysis. Findings revealed that, prior to CO issuance, land use was predominantly subsistence-oriented, marked by seasonal cropping, temporary housing, and environmentally detrimental practices such as deforestation and wetland cultivation mainly driven by tenure insecurity. Post-issuance, COs to some extent, significantly improved land use through enhanced tenure security, leading to increased cultivation of perennial crops like coffee and bananas, adoption of sustainable farming practices such as mulching and crop rotation, construction of more permanent structures, reduced land fragmentation, and improved environmental management. The study highlighted an overwhelming positive perception that COs are a catalyst in improving land use practices on Mailo land. The comparative component demonstrated that tenants without COs mainly practiced subsistence farming, focused on seasonal crops, used semi-permanent structures, and showed minimal investment in land improvement and sustainable practices though many expressed a desire to obtain COs. Challenges identified include unauthorized CO sales, illegal land subdivisions, poor integration with the National Land Information System and physical planning frameworks, and limited access to agricultural extension services. The study concludes that COs have significantly enhanced land use practices on Mailo land in Mubende district, though their full potential is hindered by systemic and policy gaps. It recommends expanding agricultural extension services and enforcing CO land use guide lines to promote sustainable land use.
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ItemEffectiveness of urban physical planning committees in the implementation of physical development plans: the case of Jinja Municipality 2009 - 2019(Makerere University, 2025)This study examined the effectiveness of the Urban Physical Planning Committee in Jinja Municipality, Uganda, in implementing the Physical Development Plan from 2009 to 2019. Conducted within the context of rapid urbanization in developing regions, like Uganda, the study focused on Jinja Municipality (now City) due to its unique historical and functional significance in urban planning, providing a rich context for evaluating the performance of Urban Physical Planning Committees. The primary objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of the Urban Physical Planning Committees in implementing the Physical Development Plan, with specific objectives including examining the roles of Urban Physical Planning Committees, evaluating land use conformance, and determining approaches for improved Physical Development Plan implementation. A mixed-methods research design was used, combining quantitative and qualitative approaches, including in-depth interviews, site visits, document reviews, and Geographic Information System analysis. The findings show that the Jinja Municipality Physical Planning Committee has been moderately effective in implementing the Physical Development Plan, with an overall effectiveness rate of 54.45%, but faced significant challenges such as limited resources, inadequate stakeholder engagement, and institutional weaknesses. These factors have led to discrepancies between planned and actual landuse and urban development, resulting in issues like incompatible land use, urban sprawl, and the proliferation of informal settlements. The study recommends better resource allocation, stronger governance frameworks, enhanced community engagement, and the use of advanced technologies like Geographic Information Systems for monitoring and enforcement. These findings offer valuable insights into the dynamics of urban planning, Urban Physical Planning Committees, and implementation of Physical Development Plans in rapidly growing cities. This research contributes to the broader discourse on sustainable urban development and the implementation of Physical Development Plans, emphasizing the need for robust governance, adequate resources, and active stakeholder participation to enhance the effectiveness of Physical Planning Committees in the implementation of Physical Development Plans in Jinja and developing regions.