School of Languages, Literature and Communication (SLLC)

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    Factors of political instability in Uganda
    (Makerere University, 1993) Nyeko-Latim, George
    This dissertation mainly investigates the fundamental cause of political instability in Uganda. The dilemma is the apparent petitio principii in the search for solutions: whether to start with individuals or the social system and institutions. The hypothesis focuses on the individual, and how he is affected by new ideas and values. The central argument is that political instability is the consequence of frustrating the self-actualization of the individual. This thwarts the harmonious oscillation between individual freedom and social cohesion, an essential requisite for social stability. The problems is seen ultimately as one of the identity with metaphysical roots. It touches on both interpretations of identity meaning permanence amid change, and unity amid diversity. Chapter one is an introduction to the study. Chapter two examines what others observe as destabilizing-stabilizing factors in society and what they propose as remedial measures. It is a search for an insight into the relationship between the individual and society. Centrally, it posits some basic values and features of a stable society. Chapter three exposes the signs and symptoms of political instability in Uganda. It demonstrates that political events in post-independence Uganda fall short of the basic values and features of a stable society. Chapter four critically examines the propounded causes of political instability in Uganda. It does not only question their theoretical justification, but also attempts to show that most of them are effects rather than causes of political instability. Chapter five endeavors to show the freedom of the individual despite the numerous webs of social control which seems to envelop and penetrate the individual. It recognizes that the individual is a product of both his inherent characteristics, and his environment. It examines the paradoxical idea that human beings create and shape social institutions, and are also molded by it. The central idea is that we either suffer from an arrest of change, or from a change which is so fast that it perplexes and bewilderes us. If we are both victims and a threat to the security of society, the problem is not a lack of, but rather a misunderstanding and misuse of freedom. Chapter six recapitulates the major issues discussed, and proposes that basic to political stability is the awareness that the individual is not exhausted in his individuality; that the tension between science and faith should be resolved not in terms of either elimination or duality, but in terms of a synthesis. It concludes that since society cannot change until individuals change, personal liberation is the key to social change. The guiding principle should be: Society will never be what it ought to be until I am what I ought to be.
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    From known to unknown: language and literature learning and teaching in Uganda
    ( 2000-04-15) Gulere, Cornelius Wambi
    The declining enrolment and standards of English language and Literature in Uganda can be attributed to three major factors: (i) Communication incompetence due to a colonial language education legacy (ii) Disparity between 'nationalistic' and individual students’ career goal and objectives (iii) Poor feedback and evaluation process
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    Public perceptions of rhetoric communication: Case study of health media messages
    (Makerere University, 2007) Mubiru, Aloysius Louis
    The study, Public Perceptions of Rhetoric Communication, is an analytical review of the effectiveness of media messages and uses a case study of HIV/AIDS audio media messages. The study is guided by the uses and gratification theory which looks at how people use and react to consumed media messages. The study also used three audio media messages which were disseminated in 1995, 2000 and 2005 to determine the reaction levels. HIV/AIDS messages are disseminated to the public /audience to consume and react accordingly i.e. to effect behavioural change or re-enforce a behaviour pattern that averts the spread of HIV/AIDS. The study used Aristotle’s five canons of rhetoric (arrangement, invention, style, memory and delivery) as a framework to understand rhetoric. These rhetoric canons helped the study to determine the persuasive aspects (rhetoric language) in HIV/AIDS messages. The study was cross sectional and the sample for the study was determined by multi-stage sampling where Uganda was divided into the Bantu and Nilotics with data being collected from Luweero and Kitgum districts respectively. The data was collected by administered questionnaires and Focus Group Discussions from Northern and Central Uganda, with samples from urban, semi–urban and rural settings. The total sample population was 254 respondents. Out of these 126 responded to the questionnaires with 61(48.41%) males and 65 (51.59%) females. The 128 remaining were in the six sessions of focus groups (three male and three female) of which, 65 (50.8%) of the respondents were female and 63 (49.2%) male. The findings of the study revealed that the efficacy of the media messages is not solely a result of disseminating messages but an inter-play of socio-cultural and economic factors. The study noted that socio-economic initiatives with planned dissemination programmes should be adhered to. The study also points out that message efficacy cannot be simply predetermined by use of an ‘ideal’ language but rather taking into consideration consumers’ intrinsic factors, community norms/ cultures and individual’s mindset at the time of the consumption of information. Hence the efficacy of Behaviour Change Communication (BCC) and Information Education Communication (IEC) HIV/AIDS messages should take an integrative holistic approach. The right amount of information should be disseminated through the accessible outlets and the messages should suit the consumer. In addition to that, all stakeholders should take particular interest in the communication/dissemination processes. The study also notes that there is need for communication audits with routine monitoring and evaluation of message efficacy and the comprehension levels of the respective messages. Lastly the study noted that the communicator should endeavour to evaluate the amount of information and levels of reaction derived from the respective messages.
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    Compilation of a monolingual Lụgbarati dictionary.
    (Makerere University, 2007-12) Dramani, Saidi Omar
    This research aimed at compiling a monolingual general-purpose Lụgbarati Dictionary. Lack of a Lụgbarati dictionary for the Lụgbara and Lụgbarati community led to the conception of the idea to write a dictionary in Lugbarati. What are available are Lụgbarati-English glossaries that do not qualify to be dictionaries. The corpus used for this study was a 198-page list of vocabulary at the end of Crazzolara’s book; A Study of Lugbara (Ma’di) Language (1960:175-373), and a 25-page list of Lụgbarati words in Dalfovo’s collection of Lụgbara proverbs; Lugbara (sic) Proverbs (1984:249-274). To write a standard monolingual Lụgbarati dictionary, the researcher developed a Style Manual for this study. The Style Manual is the blue print for the compilation of the Lụgbarati Dictionary. It gives guidelines on what introductory words to be used when defining the different word classes such as nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, conjunctions, interjections, postpositions and pronouns; usage labeling; and what morphosyntactic information to be given. It is important to note that Lụgbarati terminology for linguistics has been hitherto lacking. The researcher coined words using the functions of these word classes. For instance, for a verb he used ‘yetaa, meaning, “to do” and vutivutia for postposition, meaning one that comes after. Such words are not in use in daily Lụgbarati. They were coined as a means to give ancillary information to the lexical items being defined. Finally, the Lụgbarati Dictionary was tested for acceptability in public places such as market places. It was necessary to do that because the final product is meant to be used by the communities that speak Lụgbarati.
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    Theatre as a community tool for initiating and facilitating social transformation in Tirinyi Sub-County, Pallisa District.
    (Makerere University, 2008-08) Mugerwa, Godfrey
    Small communities that fall outside the corporate engines of Social developmental strategies are the vibrant baselines that invite and involve local people concerned with development. Therefore, this study explores a community centered approach using theatre as a tool to question and dissolve many of the accepted practices of theatre by creating analytical community participation. This collective participatory meeting created a self-reliant participatory development approach that took local cultural values and practices as a departure point to improve the lives of the rural people. The account of the theatre’s strategy in the dissertation is divided into five chapters. The first chapter provides the introduction, illuminates the objectives of the study and reviews the related literature. Chapter two assesses and validates the methods of the research study while Chapter three identifies and analyses the community problem from the collected field data. Chapter four identifies and discusses the impact of the theatre’s intervention in the community’ social ills. Chapter five provides the summary and stresses the outcomes of a self- reliant participatory process and suggests recommendations that should be undertaken by other theatre practititioners.
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    A formal analysis of intertranslatability of kinship terms: A case study of English and selected African languages
    (Makerere University, 2008-12) Kutete, Nasongo Michael
    Anisomorphism exists in kinship translations. The main cause of partial translation of kinship terminology may be linked to differences in material culture, social culture, ideational culture, ecological location and language structures among different language speakers. Most of these aspects affect kinship terminology directly such that some of the sociological ideas in one language cannot be imposed on another. To solve this problem, there is a need to use a neutral language for translating kinship terminology. Translational formulae for kinship terminology are derived from a metalanguage that is believed to be neutral across languages and cultures. In this sense, a number of factors must be considered in a kinship relation. First, the nature of any kinship relation varies in scale or quantity from one relation to another. In a universe of a kinship relation, the nature in which people relate to one another is undefined. In a further related case, person and number will determine the size of any relation. This means that any kinship relation involves two sides with one side having either similar or different kinship forms of referring to the other. In most cases, people refer to one another with one common kinship term, especially, if they have the same generation and distance. The type of sex of persons in a relation also determines kinds of kin terms to be given by another kin. Gender in these instances will determine kinship terminologies for women or men. Terms related to patrilineal or matrilineal linkages are some of the few examples that explain how sex affects kinship terms. Interpretation of these terms in relation to gender differs from one language to another. Relatedness is based on both blood and non-blood bonds. Blood relatives arise as a result of (series of) kinship chain(s) between genitor and the genetic product, giving rise to consanguine relatives. Affinity is also another factor which affects kinship terminology. This is because marriage ties give rise to non-blood relatives like in-laws and step relatives among others. Kinship metalanguage is based on the principle of universality that lacks in most translations of kinship terminology. Elements of kinship terms are chosen carefully in these cases, to ensure that any interpretation of any kinship term is based on a neutral language. This helps to ensure that aspects of one language are not transferred to another language. Five languages have been chosen: English, Kiswahili, Luganda, Lubukusu and Ateso for the purpose of testing and verification of the kinship metalanguage. This has been done through establishment of a formula for universal kinship implications that gives universal aspects of kinship practices. I have also tested the language-specific kinship terminology, which gives guidance on several forms in which specific kinship terms are interpreted in different languages. Finally, unique forms in which every kinship term can be interpreted for each of the languages have been established to give related meanings that associate with these terms. It has been established in this research that every language has its own way in which each and every kinship term can be interpreted. In some instances, the interpretations of some kinship terms are shared among a few languages. In other instances one kinship term may give several or fewer equivalent kinship terms in another language. The main cause for this difference has been established in this study as inequality in cultural practices among different languages.
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    The deconstruction of the naipaulian protagonist.
    (Makerere University, 2009) Oboth, Jim Jennings
    I primarily set out in mainly seven books to analyse the identity of V.S. Naipaul’s protagonists, working from hypothesis that their response to the notion of home, exile and mimicry is identical in that they appear to experience the same sense of distress and dislocation. The identity of Naipaul’s protagonists and their antagonists in mainly Miguel Street, The Mystic Masseur, and A House for Mr. Biswas undergo physical and spiritual transformation in context of home and exile. Naipaul’s protagonists yearn for possibilities (of opportunities) away from constricted location to metropolitan setting and to the external world beyond the island of Trinidad in their attempt to heal social wounds. In Guerrillas and The Mimic Men identities of Naipaul’s protagonists seemingly are bewildered by elusive historical, racial, colonial, gender, spiritual, ideological circumstances against the backdrop of upheaval of empire. In Naipaul’s travel narratives in India: A Wounded Civilisation and An Area of Darkness as nonfiction prose also focus on Naipaul’s self-parody where he casts himself variously as protagonist/narrator in his fictional and nonfiction works. In the same vein, Naipaul’s legacy of colonial identity in terms of historicism and in post-independent Third World generally explores devastating effects of slavery, displacement, and diasporic milieus on Naipaul’s protagonists. Thus uprooting of protagonists from their locale appears to result in weakening of traditional value system and blurring of protagonists’ historical and racial identities leading to cultural transplantation, homelessness and nomadism. Naipaul’s protagonists appear dissimilar individuals but in this study one deconstructs a strand of identicalness in the protagonist’s individual responses to his state of limbo.
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    Taathira za Kinyankore kama lugha ya kwanza kwa mtu anayejifunza Kiswahili.
    (Makerere University, 2009) Ndyanabo, Emmanuel
    In English the title of this research is THE EFFECT OF RUNYANKORE AS A FIRST LANGUAGE ON SOMEONE LEARNING KISWAHILI. The aim of the study was to find out whether Kiswahili and Runyankore have any similar linguistic components and how the similarity or difference affects the learning process in which the learner’s first language is Runyankore. It was assumed that since the two languages are members of the same linguistic family of Bantu languages, they have several similar linguistic features which enable speakers of Runyankore to learn Kiswahili with a considerable amount of ease. On the other hand, it was also believed that since Kiswahili was directly and heavily affected by Arabic it has many features that a Runyankore speaker would find hard to learn. Using data collected from books and respondents, the two languages were compared and contrasted at phonological, morphological, lexical, syntactic and orthographic levels. The enrolment and performance of candidates offering to do Kiswahili examinations at the ordinary and advanced levels of education in Uganda were considered. The discovery was that both Kiswahili and Runyankore have some similar linguistic features which enable speakers of Runyankore to learn Kiswahili with considerable ease. The effects of Arabic on Kiswahili were found to have very little effect because words borrowed from Arabic were assimilated into the Bantu morpho-phonological system and very few still have characteristics of Arabic, especially in terms of sounds and syllable structure. It was therefore concluded that the effect of Runyankore as a first language on a person learning Kiswahili is a positive one because it makes the learning process easy to a considerable extent.
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    A feminist study of marginalisation and emancipation in Marjorie Oludhe Macgoye's novels
    (Makerere University, 2009-05) Akello, Lucy
    Marjorie Oludhe Macgoye has had a remarkable impression on Kenyan literature. She is an English woman who adopted Kenya as her new country. Born in Southampton, England as Marjorie Philly king in 1928. Marjorie’s adoption into Kenya, absorption of Kenya’s cultural heritage and rejection of categorization makes her occupy a space in Kenya as Kenyan writer and poet. Kenya’s history and settings are raw materials for her fiction. Her undying concern about the plight of working class and poor women is undaunted. Macgoye is preoccupied with evils of colonialism and patriarchy that distort women’s way of life. The study is fitted within African feminist theoretical framework. The research is meant to establish whether marginalization and emancipation are recurrent themes in Macgoye’s chosen novels. A critical overview depicts Macgoye’s concerns about marginalization and emancipation of women. Using African feminist approach, the study generates a debate about the suitability of the approach to the study. The author is established to have taken a feminist position in the three novels. Marginalization and emancipation are recurrent in the chosen novels. Similar ideas about women in society manifest in various guises. In the three novels African cultural heritage is not alien to Macgoye. Kutze confirms Macgoye to be “a Kenyan writer” because of her immersion in the African culture. The methodological procedure entailed critical examination of primary and critical texts in order to establish appropriateness of African feminist conceptual framework. Western feminist ideologies crucial to the study are incorporated to enrich the study. The study established that marginalization and emancipation predominate the three novels. The author examined evils affecting women in colonial and post independent Kenya. She delineates that personal and public lives of women can not be separated. The destruction of social fabric of women’s lives by colonial and post colonial rulers annihilates women
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    The impact of the catechists’ prophetic ministry on the spiritual life of Bujumbura parish
    (Makerere University, 2010-05) Musiime, Mugisa Davis
    This Thesis is intended to explore the impressions of the catechists on the Spiritual life of the people that they minister to. Since then, the catechists have got involved in the work of the parish. It is to this fact that the Researcher has chosen to handle the topic about the catechists. Given the above, the Researcher finds it proper to assess the impact of the catechists on the spiritual life of the people in the parish, and more especially basing on their prophetic ministry. This research as noted above is on the “Impact of the Catechist’s Prophetic Ministry on the Spiritual Life of Bujumbura Parish, which comprises 54 sub-parishes and 12 zones. The Researcher focused on the catechist’s Prophetic ministry. Here the Researcher has applied the term, only in relation to the Lay Catechist. Even then, the Researcher has excluded the unprofessional catechists like the parents, schoolteachers, and the rest in that category. The term has strictly been used to apply to the professional catechists, that is, those catechists who are singled out, trained or yet to be trained, for that work. Many people have called these catechists the foundation stone of the Faith especially here in Africa. Bishop Kihangire talking about the catechists in Africa at the Vatican II Council said it was a question of life or death. Waliggo J.M and Byabazaire M.D in their book “African Theology in Progress,” noted that even when the Missionaries had left for a while, the catechists continued the work of spreading the Religion of the White man. In fact the number of followers was much more than before. This has given me a scratch in head to find out more about the catechists especially looking at their prophetic ministry in relation to the Spiritual life of the people. This is the task that has beset the Researcher.  
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    Enkozesa y’engero z’Oluganda ensonge
    (Makerere University, 2010-11) Kizza, Mukasa Jackson
    This study was conducted in Luganda under the title: Enkozesa y’engero z’Oluganda ensonge- The use of Luganda proverbs in discourse (in translation). The researcher was inspired to undertake this study after discovering that whereas situated uses of proverbs have been carried out in a number of African communities, there is no known study on Ugandan communities that deals with the dynamics of proverb use. Ugandan proverb scholarships have mainly concentrated on collection, documentation, classification and explanation of proverbs without addressing how they are actually used in discourse. Therefore, the study was intended to find out how proverbs are used, analyse the message, their form and structure and explore interlocutors’ responses. It used linguistic approaches in particular Conversation Analysis (CA) and Discourse Analysis to examine how interlocutors’ exchanges are managed in conversations. Other approaches which were used in a supporting role included: Ethnomethodology, the Speech Act Theory, the Cooperative Principle, the Conceptual Metaphor Theory and the Schema theory. The procedure which was used followed the well established model of CA’s research practices. Data was recorded from casual conversations, phone-in-programmes, sermons, speeches and political discourse. It was transcribed using standard linguistic conventions and later analysed qualitatively basing on the above linguistic approaches. The data was burnt on a CD for reference by future scholars who may wish to undertake related research. The study revealed several things about conversations which contain proverbs like: signposting, turn-taking in completing them, self and other repair, adjacency pairs and various interlocutors’ responses which include: laughter, silence, using affirmative expressions, completing and repeating proverbs. This study will benefit culturally and linguistically inclined paremiologists, language teachers, folklorists, linguistic anthropologists as well as discourse and conversation analysts. The study recommends that ‘new proverbs’ should continue to be coined to cater for contemporary happenings. Proverbs in discourse should also continue to be studied for comparison with institutional talk which has organized arrangement. For proverb usage and coinage continuity, the teaching of proverbs in schools should be investigated and improved upon basing on what this study has highlighted.
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    Modern standard logic in Luganda
    (Makerere University, 2010-11) Kiyinikibi, Nkonge Douglas
    This study investigated the problem of expressing modern standard logic in Luganda, a Bantu language widely spoken in Uganda both as a first language and second language with the major aim of showing how a language can be raised to a university level of expressional modernization by adopting a systematic approach. The study was conducted in the following ways: At first there was an experiment using a questionnaire testing for the logical intuition of a group of university-educated Luganda speakers in the areas of terminology, logical rules and fallacies, plus the empirical truth vis-à-vis logical truth, which experiment enabled the researcher to establish the problem of study. The adopting of a given criterion, together with 10 word formation rules and the affixes were adopted by the researcher to extrapolate terms that were used to articulate modern standard logic to Luganda. As a matter of procedure, the researcher determined the English logical terms, and gave their Luganda equivalents with the word formation rules used in their formulation in light of the adopted criterion With the help of the terms, the researcher expressed modern standard logic in the calculus, truth-tables and arborization method, and thereafter presented their application. The study also tackled day-to-day and scientific reasoning with exemplification of English logical texts translated into Luganda. Lastly, the researcher came up with an English-Luganda and Luganda-English glossary of logical terms.
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    The concept of power in the praise poetry of the Batoro
    (Makerere University, 2010-12) Tibasiima, Isaac
    This research examined the concept of power in Ebihaiso, the praise poetry of the Batoro. It drew on Michel Foucault’s theory of power and knowledge which sees power as a network of relationships working through whole social units and as a productive but diffuse force. The research was carried out using a qualitative research design with the use of interviews, observation and recording of the different praise poems that were performed. The research, based on the Ebihaiso investigated power as a complex social phenomenon that is not just in the hands of one person but moving and working through all the different individuals involved in both the process of performance and the performance text. The research looked at power as a dynamic force within the community and one that keeps shifting its positions particularly as demonstrated by the poetic renditions of the different poets we examine. The poetry examined reveals and interrogates the positions and interactions of different individuals and groups in the society. The poetry demonstrated that behind the different characters and ideas such as kingship and heroism rests a whole world of traditional experience and learning. I examined the relationship of the king and his people as presented in the Ebihaiso and argue that the relationship is controlled by the notion of negotiation of power; even though the king is a figure of authority, he needs the support of his people. I also studied the concept of heroism and contend that this human attribute marks individuals from their peers, enabling them to have their performance and social space to themselves. Despite having this privileged position, they still need the people who listen and support, therefore, interdependence is a vital aspect in these relationships. Further investigations of different forms of social power relations demonstrated the centrality of family institution in power relations of the Toro society. At the heart of the family, gender is used to organise power relations. I argued that the praise poems implicitly show the inequalities and imbalances of power between men and women in the Toro community, but still for full actualisation males and females sustain themselves in relation to one another. With regard to family and social classes, the praise poems showed that the traditional class structures regulated the perceptions of the people despite the development of new classes based on the influence of education and different economic activities. The analysis of the praise poetry shows different stereotypes that privilege one class against the other. There are sometimes dialectical tensions between what is portrayed in the world of the poems and the different changes and realities in the contemporary Toro community. In conclusion, this study considers power as a complex and diffuse concept which cannot be defined within definite boundaries and needs to be understood within the context of the community and its different structures and relationships.
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    Yega okusoma ni okughandiika o'lusoga: abasikawutu
    (Lusoga Language Educationists, Researchers & Translators Association (ALLERT), 2011) Gulere, Cornelius Wambi
    Ebitabo bino bitegekeibwa okuyamba ku beega ba olusoga abali kwetegekera okutyamira ebigezo bya ekyeikumi ni ebibiri (siniya foo).
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    Yega okusoma ni okughandiika olusoga:ogusolo ni ekikaadho
    (Lusoga Language Educationists, Researchers & Translators Association (ALLERT), 2011) Gulere, Cornelius Wambi
    Ekitabo kino kyaghandikiibwa nga kyesigama ku mpandiika eyaghalala ya ennimi dha Afirika mu buvandhuba bwa Uganda ni eya Busoga entongole.
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    Impact of front page headlines on the readership of a Newspaper: A case study of Bukedde and New Vision Newspapers
    (Makerere University, 2011) Nuwagira, Bob Ambrose
    This research study set out to find out the effects of front page headlines on the readership of newspapers. In defining the objectives, the research was revolved around the different attributes that are always emphasized when front page headlines are written and presented: style, diction, font, word play, among others, and how they influence readership. Realizing that success for newspaper editors and publishers is when their publications are actually read, the researcher looks at the role of persuasion in attracting readership in commercial publications especially when it is ground in the front page headlines. This study was based on the social judgment theory of communications which ascertains that individuals’ reactions to a persuasive message is either to accept, reject or be non-committal depending on how they are involved in the issue. With key informants being interviewed and questionnaires sent out to the respective readership demographics, the findings based on content analysis revealed amazing patterns. The results reveal remarkable patterns where majority where it was found out that the desire to seek information by the public overrides the persuasive appeal of front page headlines in interesting potential readers to printed copies of the newspaper. But at the same time the results show that majority of those who read Bukedde say their biggest motivation are the catchy headlines. It was discovered that the readership has a lot in determining the outlook of the headlines and that’s why editors and publishers take extra attention in making the headlines appealing.
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    Nsobola nsobola
    (Lusoga Language Educationists, Researchers & Translators Association (ALLERT), 2011) Gulere, Cornelius Wambi
    Idhuliriza buli lunhiriri ni ekibono nkanhi ekifananie ekiraga ekikolwa mu kidhuubo kye osobola. Kino kidha ku kuyamba okufuna amagezi ni obumanhirivu era ni ebiroghoozo ebituufu ku bikolwa, ababikola ni enkola ya byo. Onagya okumala ku ebikolwa bino nga ofunie obumanhirivu mu byo. Yongera ku ni ebindi mu maka, ku iyegero ni mu kiketezo mwe oviira.
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    Yega okusoma ni okughandiika olusoga:otela okwila
    (Lusoga Language Educationists, Researchers & Translators Association (ALLERT), 2011) Gulere, Cornelius Wambi
    Woova toyombye wolitela okwila.
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    Yega okusoma ni okughandiika olusoga:otela okwila
    (Lusoga Language Educationists, Researchers & Translators Association (ALLERT), 2011) Gulere, Cornelius Wambi
    Ekitabo kino kyaghandikiibwa mu nkola ya enimi dha Africa yonayoona
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    Yega okusoma ni okughandiika olusoga:omulilo ni omuyiigo
    ( 2011) Gulere, Cornelius Wambi
    Omusana lyanda lya mulilo. Guvaamu ekisuusu ni ekitangaala ekitangaaza ensi