Atrophic vaginitis, anxiety and painful sexual intercourse among lactating mothers in Kampala City

Abstract

Atrophic vaginitis and painful sexual intercourse are common problems among romantic partners, significantly affecting psychological wellbeing and relationship quality. Painful sexual intercourse, clinically known as dyspareunia, refers to persistent or recurrent genital pain during and after intercourse. This study explored the relationship between atrophic vaginitis, anxiety and painful sexual intercourse among 200 sexually active lactating mothers aged 16-47 at Kawaala Health Centre, Kampala, Uganda. Using a quantitative correlational research design and self-administered questionnaires, findings revealed that Atrophic vaginitis significantly predicted sexual pain, β = .45, p <.001 and anxiety, β = .45, t (187) = 5.95, p <.001. However, anxiety only explained 1.10% of the variance in sexual pain, and its relationship with painful intercourse was not statistically significant, R2 = .11, F (1,187) = 12.11, p = .142. Despite this, anxiety may coexist with sexual pain, especially when psychological distress arises from ongoing discomfort caused by atrophic vaginitis. Research in Uganda highlights that reproductive health issues, such as atrophic vaginitis are underreported due to stigma, limited awareness, and barriers to healthcare access. This study addresses these gaps, emphasizing the need to integrate psychological support into routine care to manage emotional and sexual health burdens holistically. The findings underscore the need for psychoeducation, and awareness campaigns to empower women about atrophic vaginitis, anxiety and painful sexual intercourse to help them understand these conditions, their causes and treatment options. Collaboration among healthcare providers, psychologists, policymakers, and community organisations is vital to improving access to care and implementing integrated interventions. Addressing these challenges through a multidisciplinary approach can enhance the overall health and wellbeing of women in resource limited settings like Uganda.