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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1854
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| Title: | Secondary Attack Rate of Tuberculosis in Urban Households in Kampala, Uganda |
| Authors: | Whalen, Christopher C.
Zalwango, Sarah
Chiunda, Allan
Malone, LaShaunda
Eisenach, Kathleen
Joloba, Moses
Boom, W. Henry
Mugerwa, Roy |
| Keywords: | Tuberculosis
TB
Lung diseases
Sub-Saharan Africa
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Disease transmission |
| Issue Date: | 14-Feb-2011 |
| Publisher: | Public Library of Science |
| Citation: | Whalen, C.C., Zalwango, S., Chiunda, A., Malone, L., Eisenach, K., Joloba, M., Boom, W.H., Mugerwa, R. (2011) Secondary Attack Rate of Tuberculosis in Urban Households in Kampala, Uganda. PLoS ONE, 6(2) |
| Abstract: | Background: Tuberculosis is an ancient disease that continues to threaten individual and public health today, especially in
sub-Saharan Africa. Current surveillance systems describe general risk of tuberculosis in a population but do not
characterize the risk to an individual following exposure to an infectious case.
Methods: In a study of household contacts of infectious tuberculosis cases (n = 1918) and a community survey of
tuberculosis infection (N = 1179) in Kampala, Uganda, we estimated the secondary attack rate for tuberculosis disease and
tuberculosis infection. The ratio of these rates is the likelihood of progressive primary disease after recent household
infection.
Results: The secondary attack rate for tuberculosis disease was 3.0% (95% confidence interval: 2.2, 3.8). The overall
secondary attack rate for tuberculosis infection was 47.4 (95% confidence interval: 44.3, 50.6) and did not vary widely with
age, HIV status or BCG vaccination. The risk for progressive primary disease was highest among the young or HIV infected
and was reduced by BCG vaccination.
Conclusions: Early case detection and treatment may limit household transmission of M. tuberculosis. Household members
at high risk for disease should be protected through vaccination or treatment of latent tuberculosis infection. |
| URI: | doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016137
http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1854 |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| Appears in Collections: | Research Articles (Bio-Medical)
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| whalen-joloba-chs-res.pdf | | 201Kb | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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