The majority of residents in low- and middle-income countries are served by onsite sanitation. Equitable access to sanitation, including emptying, collection, and transport services for the accumulation of faecal sludge ...

The first step in designing faecal sludge (FS) treatment technologies that will meet defined treatment objectives is to quantify and characterise the FS to be treated. Ideally, this should be carried out as part of the ...