Infectious Diseases Institute (IDI) Collections: Recent submissions
Now showing items 81-100 of 105
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Is it safe to switch from stavudine to zidovudine after developing symptomatic hyperlactatemia?
(African Health Sciences, 2008-06)Introduction: In resource limited settings patients on antiretroviral treatment who develop stavudine induced hyperlactatemia are often switched to zidovudine on the basis of published studies that demonstrate that this ... -
Update on the efficacy, effectiveness and safety of artemether–lumefantrine combination therapy for treatment of uncomplicated malaria
(Dove Medical Press, 2009-12-16)Artemether–lumefantrine is one of the artemisisnin-based combination therapies recommended for treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria. The drug combination is highly efficacious against sensitive and multidrug ... -
Severe Renal Dysfunction and Risk Factors Associated with Renal Impairment in HIV-Infected Adults in Africa Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy
(CID, 2008)Background. We sought to investigate renal function in previously untreated symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected adults with CD4+ cell counts of !200 cells/mm3 who were undergoing antiretroviral therapy ... -
Tuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in countries with limited resources
(International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 2006)Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection accounts for probably one third of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)related immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) events, particularly in developing countries where HIV ... -
Evaluation of Dynabeads and Cytospheres Compared With Flow Cytometry to Enumerate CD41 T Cells in HIV-Infected Ugandans on Antiretroviral Therapy
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins., 2008-07-01)Background: Laboratory-based monitoring of antiretroviral therapy is essential but adds a significant cost to HIV care. The World Health Organization 2006 guidelines support the use of CD4 lymphocyte count (CD4) to define ... -
Etiology of pruritic papular eruption with HIV infection in Uganda
(American Medical Association., 200-12-01)Context A frequent cause of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–related morbidity in sub-Saharan Africa is a commonly occurring, intensely pruritic skin rash. The resulting scars are disfiguring and stigmatizing. Despite ... -
Cost Effectiveness of a Pharmacy-Only Refill Program in a Large Urban HIV/AIDS Clinic in Uganda
(Public Library of Science, 2011-03-28)Background: HIV/AIDS clinics in Uganda and other low-income countries face increasing numbers of patients and workforce shortages. We performed a cost-effectiveness analysis comparing a Pharmacy-only Refill Program (PRP), ... -
Clinical presentation and aetiologies of acute or complicated headache among HIV-seropositive patients in a Ugandan clinic
(BioMed Central, 2009)Background: We set out to define the relative prevalence and common presentations of the various aetiologies of headache within an ambulant HIV-seropositive adult population in Kampala, Uganda. Methods: We conducted a ... -
Cause-Specific Mortality and the Contribution of Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in the First 3 Years after Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation in an Urban African Cohort
(Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2009)Background. Although many studies have reported high early mortality among patients enrolled in antiretroviral therapy (ART) programs in sub-Saharan Africa—particularly among those individuals with advanced immunodeficiency— ... -
Can response of a pruritic papular eruption to antiretroviral therapy be used as a clinical parameter to monitor virological outcome?
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2008)Background: A pruritic papular eruption (PPE) is a common skin manifestation observed in 12–46% of persons with HIV infection living in tropical countries. Objective: To determine whether PPE responds to HAART and whether ... -
Biomarkers of HIV immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
(Future Medicine, 2008)Dysregulation of the immune system drives HIV pathogenesis. As we develop new ways to treat HIV and AIDS, we encounter new clinical ramifications of our treatment on regulatory components of the Immune system. HIV-associated ... -
Bilateral pedal edema in an HIV patient: Lopinavir/Ritonavir-containing treatment regimen as a potential cause?
(Open Learning on Enteric Pathogens, 2009-03)A large number of patients are switched to second-line antiretroviral therapy, especially in resource limited settings. Lopinavir/Ritonavir is the main drug used in second-line treatment regimens. We describe a patient ... -
Belief in divine healing can be a barrier to antiretroviral therapy adherence in Uganda
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins., 2007)Although recent data suggest high levels of adherence to expanding antiretroviral therapy (ART) programmes in resource-limited settings, the culture- specific barriers to adherence are poorly understood. In a prospective ... -
Assessment of the patient flow at the infectious diseases institute out-patient clinic, Kampala, Uganda
(Taylor & Francis (Routledge), 2007)In order to cope with the increasing patient load, a study was performed to identify bottlenecks in patient flow at the Infectious Diseases out-patient clinic in Kampala, Uganda on 10 January 2005. On a standardised ... -
Antiretroviral therapy in developing countries: pharmacologic considerations
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2008)Purpose of review This article reviews recent studies in the field of clinical pharmacology of antiretroviral drugs and highlights the relevance of the findings to clinical practice in developing countries. Recent findings ... -
Access to HIV/AIDS care for mothers and children in sub-Saharan Africa: adherence to the postnatal PMTCT program
(Taylor & Francis (Routledge), 2009-09)Despite scale up of perinatal prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV interventions,postnatal continuity of comprehensive HIV/AIDS care, for both the mother and baby, remains a challenge in developing ... -
The effects of an HIV project on HIV and non-HIV services at local government clinics in urban Kampala
(Biomed Central, 2011)Background: HIV/AIDS is a major public health concern in Uganda. There is widespread consensus that weak health systems hamper the effective provision of HIV/AIDS services. In recent years, the ways in which HIV/AIDS focused ... -
The International HIV Dementia Scale: a new rapid screening test for HIV dementia
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2005)Objective: HIV dementia is an important neurological complication of advanced HIV infection. The use of a cross-cultural screening test to detect HIV dementia within the international community is critical for diagnosing ... -
The impact on nurses and nurse managers of introducing PEPFAR clinical services in urban government clinics in Uganda
(BioMed Central Ltd, 2011)Background: Improving provider performance is central to strengthening health services in developing countries. Because of critical shortages of physicians, many clinics in sub-Saharan Africa are led by nurses. In addition ... -
Immune reconstitution disease of the central nervous system
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2008)Purpose of review The purpose of this review is to examine the literature concerning immune reconstitution disease associated with the central nervous system infections. Recent findings Immune reconstitution disease ...